ISO/DIS 12895
Safety of machinery - Identification of whole body access and prevention of associated risk(s)

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 199, Safety of machinery.

This document is a type-B standard as stated in ISO 12100:2010.
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This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety:

- machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
- health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance);

Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups:

- machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
- machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
- service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
- consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).

The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate in the drafting process of this document.
In addition, this document is intended for standardization bodies elaborating type-C standards.

The requirements of this document can be supplemented or modified by a type-C standard.

For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built according to the requirements of that type-C standard, the following applies: if the requirements of that type-C standard deviate from the requirements in type-B standards, the requirements of that type-C standard take precedence over the provisions of other standards.

The effectiveness of certain measures described in this document to minimize or reduce risk relies, in part, on the relevant parts of that equipment being correctly positioned in relation to the hazard zone. In deciding on these positions, a number of aspects are taken into account, such as

- the necessity of a risk assessment according to ISO 12100:2010;
- the practical experience in the use of the machine;
- the bio-mechanical and anthropometric data;
- the possibility of undetected access to the hazard zone;
- the possible undetected presence of a person inside the safeguarded space and the hazard zone(s).

1 Scope

This document specifies the criteria to evaluate if whole body access exists in machinery and provides a methodology to determine the requirements to reduce the associated risk(s).

Protection against the risks from hazards arising from emissions (e.g. the ejection of solid or fluid materials, radiation, electric arcs, heat, noise, fumes, gases) are not covered by this document.

Protection against the risks from hazards arising from breaking of parts of the machine or gravity falls are not covered by this document.

This document is applicable for safeguards used on machinery for the protection of persons 14 years and older.

NOTE
It is not practical to specify dimensions for all persons. Therefore, the values presented are intended to cover the 95th percentile of the population.

This document is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of its publication.

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3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms

3.1 Terms and definitions

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3.1.4 presence sensing function

detection of the presence of a person, or a part of a person, to enable prevention of hazardous situations

[SOURCE:IEC 62046:2018, 3.1.32, modified – "while in a hazardous zone" and “such as unexpected/ unintended start-up of the machine” have been removed.]

3.1.5 separation distance

S
minimum distance required between the actuation position of the sensitive protective equipment and the hazard zone to prevent the human body or its parts from reaching the hazard zone before achieving the intended risk reduction

Note 1 to entry:
Different separation distances may be determined for different conditions or approaches, but the greatest of these separation distances is used for selecting the position of the safeguard.

Note 2 to entry:
previously referred to as minimum distance.

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3.1.9 span-of-control

predetermined portion of the machinery under control of a specific device or safety function

Note 1 to entry: A protective device could initiate a stop of a machine or a portion of a machine. For example, an emergency stop pushbutton could cause a local stop or a global stop (see ISO 13850).

[SOURCE:ISO 11161: 2007, 3.23, modified – Hyphens have been introduced to the term. “IMS” has been replaced by “machinery” and “or safety function” has been added at the end of the definition. The given Note to entry has been added.]

3.1.10 safeguarded space

area or volume enclosing a hazard zone(s) where guards and/or protective devices are intended to protect persons

3.1.11 whole body access

situation where a person can be completely inside a safeguarded space

3.1.12 safety-related manual control device

SRMCD

control device which requires deliberate human action and whose actuation can result in an increase of the risk(s)

Note 1 to entry: 
Examples include actuating devices such as pushbuttons, selector switches, or foot pedals designed for functions such as reset, start/restart, unconditional guard unlocking or hold-to-run control (e.g. jog, inching).

Note 2 to entry: 
Safety-related manual control devices can be an integral part of the safeguard

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