MDCG 2020-9 | Ventilatori MD: requisiti normativi
EU, 29 Aprile 2020
MDCG 2020-9 Regulatory requirements for ventilators and related accessories Medical Device Directive 93/42/CEE.
The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic on March the 12th 2020. Patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 virus and developing the COVID-19 disease with acute and severe respiratory symptoms have to be treated with mechanical ventilators to assure possibilities of survival. This guidance document focuses on ventilators and related accessories that are currently regulated under the Council Directive 93/42/EEC (MDD). According to the MDD, devices may be placed on the market and/or put into service only if they comply with the requirements laid down in this Directive when duly supplied and properly installed, maintained and used in accordance with their intended purpose.
The devices must meet the essential requirements set out in Annex I of the MDD, which apply to them, taking account of the intended purpose of the devices concerned. In addition, devices may be placed and circulate on the European single market if they have been subject to a conformity assessment in accordance with the provisions of Article 11 of the MDD.
Under the current COVID-19 context, the demand for ventilators and related accessories has rapidly increased. Therefore, this document intends to outline the different regulatory options for placing these devices on the EU market indicating their feasibility to allow short-term supply.
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Index
1. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
2. TYPES OF MEDICAL DEVICES AND THEIR PARTS/COMPONENTS
2.1. Ventilators
2.2. Accessories
2.3. Parts or component
3. CLASSIFICATION
3.1. Ventilators
3.2. Accessories
3.3. Impact of classification on conformity assessment
4. REGULATORY OPTIONS FOR PLACING VENTILATORS ON THE MARKET
4.1. Supplying parts, components or the finished devices to medical devices manufacturers currently placing on the market ventilators
4.2. Derogation procedure – placing on the market authorised by the relevant authorities of one Member State in the interest of public health
4.3. Manufacturing of the finished device by a producer that was not previously placing on the market ventilators
1. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE
2. TYPES OF MEDICAL DEVICES AND THEIR PARTS/COMPONENTS
2.1. Ventilators
2.2. Accessories
2.3. Parts or component
3. CLASSIFICATION
3.1. Ventilators
3.2. Accessories
3.3. Impact of classification on conformity assessment
4. REGULATORY OPTIONS FOR PLACING VENTILATORS ON THE MARKET
4.1. Supplying parts, components or the finished devices to medical devices manufacturers currently placing on the market ventilators
4.2. Derogation procedure – placing on the market authorised by the relevant authorities of one Member State in the interest of public health
4.3. Manufacturing of the finished device by a producer that was not previously placing on the market ventilators
TYPES OF MEDICAL DEVICES AND THEIR PARTS/COMPONENTS
Ventilators
Ventilators are breathing support devices and can fall into different types according to their intended use and characteristics
- Ventilator for critical care: automatic equipment that is intended to augment or provide ventilation of the lungs of the patient when connected to the airway of the patient:
-- intended for use in an environment that provides specialized care for patients whose conditions can be life threatening and who can require comprehensive care and constant monitoring in a professional healthcare facility;
-- intended to be operated by a healthcare professional operator; and
-- intended for those patients who need differing levels of support from artificial ventilation including for ventilator-dependent patients. (See e.g. EN ISO/IEC 80601-2-12:2011 + Cor.:2011).
- Home healthcare environment ventilators for ventilator-dependent patients:
intended for use in the home healthcare environment; intended for use by a lay operator; intended for use with patients who are dependent on mechanical ventilation for their life support. Depending on the intended purpose can be also used in the clinical setting (See e.g. EN ISO 80601-2-72:2015).
- Ventilators for emergency and transport: these ventilators are used in Emergency Medical Service environment, e.g. in ambulances, transport of patients to the hospital, patient transport from hospital to hospital or transport within the hospital. The alarm and safety concept of emergency and transport ventilators in general is designed for a permanent presence of the user. This facilitates fast recognition and response in the event of an alarm or in the event of any malfunction (See e.g. EN 794-3:1998+A2:2009).
- Anaesthetic ventilator: are designed for use during anaesthesia with an anaesthetic breathing system (See e.g. EN ISO 80601-2-13:2012).
-- intended for use in an environment that provides specialized care for patients whose conditions can be life threatening and who can require comprehensive care and constant monitoring in a professional healthcare facility;
-- intended to be operated by a healthcare professional operator; and
-- intended for those patients who need differing levels of support from artificial ventilation including for ventilator-dependent patients. (See e.g. EN ISO/IEC 80601-2-12:2011 + Cor.:2011).
- Home healthcare environment ventilators for ventilator-dependent patients:
intended for use in the home healthcare environment; intended for use by a lay operator; intended for use with patients who are dependent on mechanical ventilation for their life support. Depending on the intended purpose can be also used in the clinical setting (See e.g. EN ISO 80601-2-72:2015).
- Ventilators for emergency and transport: these ventilators are used in Emergency Medical Service environment, e.g. in ambulances, transport of patients to the hospital, patient transport from hospital to hospital or transport within the hospital. The alarm and safety concept of emergency and transport ventilators in general is designed for a permanent presence of the user. This facilitates fast recognition and response in the event of an alarm or in the event of any malfunction (See e.g. EN 794-3:1998+A2:2009).
- Anaesthetic ventilator: are designed for use during anaesthesia with an anaesthetic breathing system (See e.g. EN ISO 80601-2-13:2012).
Ventilators for critical care are usually invasive, which enables the ventilator machine to provide lung support for inspiration and expiration through tracheal intubation. However, most critical care ventilators allow non-invasive ventilation modes for critical care patients as well. Ventilators for non-critical care are usually non-invasive and therefore provide air pressure support to natural breathing through e.g. a facemask.
Ventilators may offer different types of additional complementary functions that include:
- High flow oxygen supply (nasal high flow therapy);
- Monitoring systems;
- Nebulisation systems.
...
CLASSIFICATION
Ventilators
There are different types of ventilators depending on the degree of invasiveness and the setting in which they are used in (e.g. Intensive Care Unit - ICU). Ventilators fall under two different classes in accordance with rule 11 (or rule 9) of Annex IX6,7 to the MDD:
- Class IIa: only applicable to non-invasive devices, e.g. continuous positive airway pressure – CPAP non-intended for critical care, or devices that only support spontaneous breathing.
- Class IIb: applicable to most ventilators.
The classification depends on the intended purpose of the ventilator and has important implications in the selection of appropriate conformity assessment procedure(s) for the device including timing and complexity (see section 4 for details).
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Fonte: EU
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Tags: Marcatura CE Direttiva Dispositivi medici Abbonati Marcatura CE Coronavirus
